What sets surgical gastroenterologists apart from other specialists?

Surgical gastroenterologists are specialized doctors who focus on treating complex digestive system problems through surgery. What makes them unique is their in-depth knowledge of both gastroenterology (digestive health) and surgery. While regular gastroenterologists diagnose and treat many digestive issues without surgery, surgical gastroenterologists step in when surgery is needed. They have advanced training in performing surgical procedures specifically for digestive problems, like removing tumors or repairing damaged organs.

Is surgery always necessary for gastrointestinal conditions?

Surgery is not always necessary for gastrointestinal conditions. Many digestive issues can be managed and treated with non-surgical methods, such as medications, lifestyle changes, and dietary adjustments. Surgery is usually considered when other treatments haven't been effective, or when the condition is severe and poses a significant risk to your health.

How long does it typically take to recover from gastrointestinal surgery?

The recovery time after gastrointestinal surgery varies based on the type of procedure and individual factors. Generally, it can take a few weeks to several months for a full recovery. Less invasive surgeries often have shorter recovery times, while more complex surgeries might require a longer period. Factors like overall health, age, and how well you follow post-operative instructions also influence the recovery timeline. During recovery, you might experience some discomfort and limitations in daily activities.

Are there any risks associated with minimally invasive surgery?

Yes, there are some risks associated with minimally invasive surgery, although they are generally lower compared to traditional open surgery. These risks can include infection, bleeding, damage to nearby organs or tissues, and reactions to anesthesia. There's also a small chance of developing blood clots. However, skilled surgeons take precautions to minimize these risks.

Best Pancreatic Cancer Treatment in Hyderabad

Pancreatic cancer occurs when there is an excessive and uncontrolled division of cells in a part of the pancreas, which is a gland located in the abdomen. The pancreas plays a crucial role in digestion and hormone production, including insulin and enzymes.

Detecting the cancer in its early stages is difficult. This is because it typically does not show symptoms until it has already spread to other organs. Ductal adenocarcinoma is the most common type of cancer and it develops in the cells that line the pancreatic ducts. These carry digestive enzymes out of the pancreas.

Treatment of this disease depends on its extent. Options may include a combination of surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a comprehensive approach involving multiple modalities. Dr K V Dinesh Reddy, a GI surgeon, is one of the leading pancreatic cancer doctor in Hyderabad.

Symptoms of Pancreatic Cancer

If the disease spreads to other parts of the body, new symptoms may arise. Additionally, the above symptoms can also be caused by other conditions. Therefore, it is important to seek the best pancreatic cancer treatment in Hyderabad for a thorough examination and accurate diagnosis.

Causes and Risk Factors of Pancreatic Cancer

The exact cause of this disease is not fully understood. However, several factors can increase the risk of developing this type of cancer. These factors include:

Smoking cigarettes, and using tobacco in other forms
Obesity, especially when excess weight is carried around the waist
Type 2 diabetes, with sudden-onset diabetes potentially indicating pancreatic cancer
Exposure to chemicals, such as pesticides and petrochemicals
Chronic pancreatitis, persistent inflammation of the pancreas
Hereditary chronic pancreatitis due to inherited gene mutations
Family history
Older age men (above 65)
Heavy and prolonged alcohol consumption

Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer

A pancreatic cancer diagnosis can be difficult, especially in the early stages when symptoms may be absent or subtle. However, doctors utilize various diagnostic methods to identify and assess the condition. This includes:

Medical history and physical examination: The doctor will review your medical history, discuss your symptoms, and perform a thorough physical examination.

Imaging tests: This includes several imaging tests that provide detailed images of the pancreas, helping to detect tumors and assess their extent. The various tests include:

Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS): This procedure involves inserting a thin, flexible tube with an ultrasound probe into the digestive tract. It helps to obtain detailed images of the pancreas and nearby structures.

Blood tests: These may be conducted to assess various factors, including liver function, pancreatic enzyme levels, and tumor markers such as carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9. Elevated levels of CA19-9 may indicate the presence of a pancreatic tumor, but it is not definitive for pancreatic cancer.

Staging laparoscopy: In some cases, a staging laparoscopy may be performed to determine the extent of the disease and its operability. During this procedure, the doctor creates small incisions in the abdomen and inserts a special camera (a laparoscope) to examine the organs and obtain biopsies for further evaluation.

Genetic testing: This is recommended for individuals with a family history of pancreatic cancer. Genetic testing can identify mutations in genes such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, which can provide insights into hereditary risk and guide treatment plans.

Pancreatic Cancer Care in Hyderabad

During the Procedure

The treatment is determined by several criteria, including the cancer’s stage, the location and size of the tumor, and the individual’s general health.

Surgery

Surgical removal of the tumor is the primary treatment for localized pancreatic cancer. The type of surgery performed depends on the tumor’s location and extent. Surgical options include:

Whipple procedure (pancreaticoduodenectomy): The head of the pancreas, a portion of the small intestine, the gallbladder, and sometimes a portion of the stomach and nearby lymph nodes are removed
Distal pancreatectomy: The body and tail of the pancreas, along with the spleen are removed.
Total pancreatectomy: This involves removing the entire pancreas, part of the small intestine, the gallbladder, the common bile duct, the spleen, and nearby lymph nodes. It is rarely performed due to significant impacts on digestion and insulin production.
MRI scan

Radiation Therapy

This uses high-energy X-rays or other particles to destroy cancer cells. It can be delivered externally (external beam radiation therapy) or internally through implanted radioactive sources (brachytherapy). Radiation therapy is often used alongside surgery or as palliative treatment to relieve symptoms in advanced cases.This involves the use of drugs to either destroy or slow down the growth of cancer cells. It can be administered orally or intravenously and may be given before or after surgery.

Targeted Therapy

This includes drugs that specifically target certain molecules or pathways involved in the growth and spread of cancer cells. For this type of cancer, targeted therapies may include drugs that inhibit specific proteins, such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors or vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors.

Immunotherapy

The treatment aims to stimulate the body’s immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells. It involves checkpoint inhibitors or other immune-modulating drugs. While still being studied, immunotherapy shows promise for certain subsets of pancreatic cancer.

Palliative Care

This focuses on improving the quality of life for individuals with advanced pancreatic cancer by managing symptoms such as pain, nausea, and loss of appetite. Palliative care can be provided alongside curative treatments or as the main approach in advanced cases.

Best Doctor for Pancreatic Cancer Treatment in Hyderabad

Dr. K V Dinesh Reddy

MBBS; MS (Gen.Surg); DNB (Surg.Gastro)

It is important to consult with healthcare professionals who specialize in cancer treatment to discuss options and make informed decisions based on individual circumstances. Dr K V Dinesh Reddy is an experienced and skilled gastrointestinal surgeon in Hyderabad. He offers the best pancreatic cancer treatment in Hyderabad.

He strongly believes that surgery should only be considered as a last resort and prefers a holistic approach to treatment. So, if a disease can be effectively treated with medication, he never recommends surgery.

Frequently Asked Questions

Here are answers to some of the questions you might have about Pancreatic Cancer

Is pancreatic cancer hereditary?

Pancreatic cancer can sometimes run in families, but it’s not always hereditary. Certain genetic changes increase the risk, but most cases happen without a clear family link. Lifestyle factors like smoking, obesity, and diet also play a role. If you have a family history, genetic counseling can help you understand your risk better. Remember, most pancreatic cancers are not directly inherited, but family history and genetics can influence your chances. Stay informed and take steps to manage your risk through healthy choices and regular check-ups.

Can pancreatic cancer be cured?

Pancreatic cancer can be difficult to cure, but treatments can help. If caught early and confined to the pancreas, surgery might remove it. However, many cases are found at later stages when curing becomes harder. Treatment includes surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation, aiming to shrink or control the cancer. Some people respond well, while others don’t. The goal is to extend life, manage symptoms, and improve quality of life.

What are the risk factors for pancreatic cancer?

Several factors can increase the risk of pancreatic cancer. Smoking, family history of pancreatic cancer or certain genetic syndromes, older age, and a history of chronic pancreatitis are common risk factors. Being overweight, having a poor diet high in red meat and low in fruits and vegetables, and diabetes can also contribute. While these factors can raise the risk, it’s important to remember that many people with these factors never develop pancreatic cancer. Taking steps like quitting smoking, maintaining a healthy weight, and having regular check-ups can help manage the risk.

How is pancreatic cancer diagnosed?

Pancreatic cancer is diagnosed through various tests. Doctors may use imaging scans like CT, MRI, or ultrasound to see the pancreas. Biopsies, where a small piece of tissue is taken from the pancreas, can confirm the cancer type. Blood tests may also help. If cancer is suspected, doctors will study the results and determine the stage of the cancer (how far it has spread). Early detection is important for better outcomes. If you have symptoms or risk factors, don’t hesitate to talk to a doctor.

Are there any new treatments for pancreatic cancer?

Yes, researchers are developing new treatments for pancreatic cancer. Targeted therapies focus on specific molecules involved in cancer growth. Immunotherapy boosts the body’s immune system to fight cancer. Precision medicine tailors treatment to a person’s unique genetic makeup. Clinical trials test these new approaches to see how well they work and if they’re safe. While there’s no guaranteed cure yet, these advancements offer hope for improved outcomes. If you or a loved one has pancreatic cancer, discussing these options with a doctor and considering clinical trials could be beneficial.